\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{ctex,siunitx}
\setCJKmainfont{Noto Serif CJK SC}
\usepackage{tkz-euclide}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usetikzlibrary{patterns, calc}
\usetikzlibrary {decorations.pathmorphing, decorations.pathreplacing, decorations.shapes,}
\begin{document}
\small
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex, thick]
  % \useasboundingbox(-1,-0.75)rectangle(3.7,1.4);
  \fill [fill=black!30, draw] (2,0.35) rectangle (3.5,1.25);
  \fill [pattern = north east lines] (0,0) rectangle (5,.25);
  \draw (0,.25)--(5,.25);
  \draw[->] (2,0.35)--(1,0.35);
  \node at (0.75,0.35){$f$};
  \draw[->] (4,0.75)--(5,0.75);
  \node at (6,1.2){物体 $A$ 的运动方向};
  \node at (5.5/2,1.6/2){$A$};
  \node at (5.5/2,-.25){$B$};
  \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}